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UK National Television & UK National Press feature our anti-ageing carnosine eye drops for cataracts
“Ten ways to live a longer life” article by a UK leading tabloid – Feature, carnosine
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Carnosine is a naturally occurring compound in the human body. It exerts a wide range of positive and protective benefits to all body structures, especially in the nervous system, eyes, muscles, heart, brain and skin.
As carnosine levels decline with age, the body’s ability to repair itself and offset the rate of ageing is diminished. This results in the accumulation of damaged proteins which interfere with healthy function and further increase the rate of destructive ageing as a 50-fold increase in free-radical formation ensues – That is why we see aged people suddenly accelerate in appearance, mental functionality and mobility.
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Introduction - 100 years in research
Carnosine rejuvenates tired & wrinkled skin
Carnosine the Anti-Ageing miracle
Carnosine for longevity
10 Ways to live longer a longer life
Carnosine – An End to Hangovers?
Carnosine for every participant in sports
Cardiovascular diseases
Diabetes and its complications
Erectile dysfunctions
Carnosine as neuro-protectant
Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment
Parkinson’s disease
Epilepsy and schizophrenia
Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Summary
Can you afford not to take carnosine?
Empty Bottle Money back Guarantee
Supplemental super antioxidants, especially carnosine, not only protect against undesirable changes of the ageing process, but it actually helps to reverse damage that has already taken place by rejuvenating old cells and helping them to function in a more youthful manner for a longer period of time.
The broad spectrum of positive affects that carnosine has across the entire body should inspire everyone to supplement with carnosine and is the reason why today’s leading anti-ageing nutritionists, are declaring carnosine our greatest discovery to date and that in time, we will all take carnosine to a greater extent than we do vitamin c today!
When you fully understand what carnosine does – when you understand it’s potential in preventing and even reversing all of the signs of ageing, throughout the body, from wrinkled skin to cataracts to Alzheimer's disease, then you will understand the role it plays in extending life itself. You’re then left with the conclusion that you couldn’t afford not to supplement with carnosine.
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An Introduction to carnosine - 100 years in research
L-carnosine (beta-alanyly-L-histidine) was discovered way back in the early 1900’s. The focus of research has spanned the disciplines of human physiology, biochemistry and neurochemistry, with no side effects.
Studies have shown that Carnosine is a major tool in the fight against ageing and degenerative disease. It is found in all cells, but especially in the muscles, heart, eyes, major organs and brain cells. Carnosine levels in the body decline with age. Muscle levels decrease 63% from age 10 to age 70, which may account for the reduction in muscle mass and function seen in ageing humans. Carnosine acts not only as an antioxidant in muscle, but also as a pH buffer. In this way it keeps on protecting muscle cell membranes from oxidation under the acidic conditions of muscular exertion. Carnosine enables the heart muscle to contract more efficiently through enhancement of calcium response in heart cells. Muscle levels of carnosine correlate with the maximum life span of animal species.
Carnosine rejuvenates the skin - A solution based on real science and not on cosmetic promises
The skin provides an excellent example to explain the anti-aging effects of carnosine. As skin ages, the inner skin undergoes serious loss of structural integrity. Fibroblasts that build connective tissue lose half their work force.
Collagen fibres become damaged and the structural integrity of the skin undergoes widespread destruction. The body cannot repair the damage as fast as it is occurring. Frequently, these damaged proteins are "glued together" by sugar, causing excessive stiffness and inflexibility of formerly flexible structures. Progression of this process is apparent in wrinkles, dryness, inconsistent skin texture and colouring, poor wound healing, and sagging skin.
Below are three photographs of human cells grown in culture.
Young Cells (a) Senescent (old) Cells (b) Old Cells supplemented with L-Carnosine (c)
Cultures of senescent cells cannot be mistaken for younger cells, which are uniform in appearance and line up in parallel arrays. By contrast, senescent cells exhibit a grainy appearance and take on odd shapes and sizes. They lose the ability to organise themselves in a regular pattern. These striking changes are called the senescent phenotype. A dipeptide (chemical union of two amino acids) called L-Carnosine has been shown to rejuvenate cells displaying the senescent phenotype, quickly restoring the juvenile phenotype (McFarland GA et al., 1999; McFarland GA et al., 1994).
Carnosine directly prevents and may even reverse all of these issues. Even better, the benefits of carnosine are not limited to the skin. The same types of age-associated protein changes that are visible on skin are also occurring in every body organ – the brain, eyes, heart, muscles, and all body tissue – we just don’t see them. Carnosine exerts its anti-aging effects everywhere in the body.
Carnosine the Anti-Ageing miracle
Our bodies are comprised of cells that replace themselves by dividing. There is a genetic limit as to how many times our cells will continue to replicate themselves via healthy division processes. Once enough cells reach their genetic reproductive limit, the organism (our body) is no longer able to sustain life functions and succumbs to disease or death. In clinical trials Carnosine has shown to extend the period of time that cells will continue to divide in a youthful manner.
Carnosine for longevity
Carnosine extends organism life span
A study tested the effect of carnosine on life span and indicators of aging in senescence-accelerated mice. Carnosine extended the life span of the treated mice by 20% on average, compared to the mice not fed carnosine. The mice given carnosine were about twice as likely to reach the "ripe old age" of 12 months as untreated mice.
Carnosine did not alter the 15 month maximum life span of the senescence-accelerated mouse strain, but it did significantly raise the number of mice surviving to old age. Carnosine distinctly improved the appearance of the aged mice, whose coat fullness and colour remained much closer to that of young animals. Significantly more carnosine-treated mice had glossy coats (44% vs. 5%), while fewer had skin ulcers (14% vs. 36%).
The researchers also measured biochemical indicators associated with brain aging. Carnosine treated mice had significantly lower levels of toxic MDA (malondialdehyde) in their brain cell membranes. MAO-B (monoamine oxidase 
activity was 44% lower in the carnosine-treated mice, indicating maintenance of youthful dopamine metabolism. Aging humans produce too much MAO-B, and this is thought to contribute to certain types of brain cell damage. Glutamate binding to its cellular receptors nearly doubled in the carnosine treated group, which may explain the more normal behavioural reactivity of the carnosine-fed mice.
This longevity study showed that carnosine significantly improved most measures of appearance, physiological health, behaviour, and brain biochemistry, as well as extending life span. The researchers concluded that "carnosine-treated animals can be characterized as more resistant to the development of features of aging."
10 Ways to live longer a longer life -
A leading UK Tabloid wrote a feature on “Ten ways to live a longer life”. Of the many anti-ageing compounds to choose from, they recommended only one - l-carnosine.
For the full feature
UK National Television & UK National Press feature Carnosine eye drops for cataracts
Preserving Your Eyesight
Young eyes contain high concentrations of natural antioxidants that protect against cataract, macular degeneration and other ocular disorders. In the aged eye, synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione is reduced, resulting in excessive free radical damage.
Antioxidant supplements have been shown to help protect against senile eye disorders. Unfortunately, ageing diminishes circulation to the eye, thereby reducing the efficacy of orally ingested supplements.
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BBC "GOOD FOOD" Magazine
- Carnosine could be especially useful for vegetarians
as seen on itv and at www.body-repairshop.com
Carnosine – A possible End to Hangovers?
Carnosine, hailed as the most powerful Super Anti-Oxidant currently known, is a remarkable natural supplement that can dramatically reduce the effects of alcohol on the body the next morning and for years to come. We believe that once you understand or experience the amazing protection of carnosine, you won’t ever go drinking without it! Just 2 grams dissolved in water, taken an hour before alcohol consumption, effectively protects the liver, kidneys and brain against oxidative stress damage from alcohol.
Alcohol, once drunk is rapidly absorbed from the gut. Most of it is then oxidised, mainly in the liver. The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase converts the alcohol into the very undesirable acetaldehyde. This acetaldehyde causes the unpleasant effects of drinking that we are all so familiar with. In response to the stress the acetaldehyde causes, your body mobilises its defences and your natural reserves of L-Carnosine are very soon exhausted. With your natural defences gone, a 'hang' the morning after is inevitable. By taking extra L-Carnosine an hour before and whilst drinking for long durations of consumption, you ensure that your natural reserves will not be exhausted - with the happy result of - NO MORE 'HANG' THE MORNING AFTER. In the presence of extra L-Carnosine the acetaldehyde will not bother you and your body will oxidise it to acetate and then safely metabolise that to carbon dioxide and water.
WARNING: Carnosine does not negate the intoxicating effects of drinking alcohol. You will still gain exactly the same effect; it just protects your body against the usual damage caused. Alcohol should always be consumed in moderation and we encourage everyone to practice responsible drinking. Furthermore, we do not encourage people to drink alcohol - we merely encourage those who do choose to drink, to protect their bodies from damage before doing so. You should not use this product to increase the amount or frequency of your alcohol consumption.
We guarantee that once you understand or experience the amazing protection of carnosine, you won’t ever go drinking without it! Carnosine is backed with an empty bottle FULL MONEY BACK GUARANTEE!
Carnosine for every sports participant
Carnosine levels in the body decline with age. Muscle levels decrease 63% from age 10 to age 70, which may account for the reduction in muscle mass and function seen in aging humans. Carnosine acts not only as an antioxidant in muscle, but also as a pH buffer. In this way it keeps on protecting muscle cell membranes from oxidation under the acidic conditions of muscular exertion.
Carnosine enables the heart muscle to contract more efficiently through enhancement of calcium response in heart cells. Muscle levels of carnosine correlate with the maximum life span of animal species.
Cardiovascular diseases
The healthy heart muscle (myocardium) contains naturally some carnosine, but carnosine supplementation increases significantly (up to 30 %) the strength and endyrance of the heart muscle. Contractile failure of myocardial cells is a common cause of mortality in ischemic heart disease. According to a recent pharmacological study, carnosine improves myocardial contractility during hypoxia as well as verapamil, a calcium channel blocker frequently prescribed for the treatment of heart disease (Bharadwaj et al. 2002) and therefore carnosine opens completely new horizons in treatment of myocardial insufficiency (Gamez Navarro 2000, Zaloga et al 1997, Zaloga and Siddiqui 2004)).
Fig. 7. The contractility of the left ventricle of an isolated rat heart and the pulse wave increase significantly with carnosine. (a) initial status, (b) 5 nM carnosine, (c) 10 nM carnosine (Robets ja Zaloga 2000).
Carnosine exerts a number of beneficial effects in the heart and blood vessels, such as:
increases the force of heart muscle contractions
lowers elevated blood pressure
protects against oxygen deficiency (hypoxia or ischaemia) in coronary heart disease
prevents oxidation of LDL cholesterol and thereby arterisclerosis.
Carnosine may be used widely for treating the heart's reduced pumping efficiency, the hallmark of heart failure. Moreover, carnosine fights leptin, the obesity hormone. This hormone is elevated many times over in the blood of obese and overweight individuals and it raises blood pressure.
Stroke
Russian scientists set out to determine the effect of carnosine upon rats programmed to develop strokes. The first experiment focused upon carnosine as a revitalizer in hypoxic animals, i.e., those exposed to low oxygen levels. When oxygen-deprived animals were revitalized with normal levels of oxygen, the carnosine treated rats were able to stand after 4.3 minutes, as compared to 6.3 minutes in the untreated group.
Carnosine prevents accumulation of lactose as a result of experimental hypoxia in the rat brain. Hypoxia was induced by ligating four brain arteries. 1= rats on carnosine, 2= controls. The columns indicate the concentrations of lactate before closure of the arteries (a) and thereafter (b) 35-45 minutes, (c) 90-100 min and (d) 150-170 minutes (Stvolinsky and Dobrota 2000).
In the second study, a stroke was simulated in the animals by arterial occlusion. The scientists found that carnosine acts as a neuroprotector in the ischaemic (lack of oxygenated blood) brain. Rats treated with carnosine displayed more normal electrocardiograms, less lactate accumulation (a common measure of injury severity), and better cerebral blood flow.
In summary, carnosine seem to be a superb dietary supplement for prevention and treatment of all kind of cardiovascular events.
Diabetes and its complications
A diabetic person excretes in the urine a lot of sugar and other substances, proteins (amino acids such as arginine, carnosine and taurine) and magnesium. As diabetes enhances glycation and the patient is deficient in carnosine, the arteries tend to harden. It is why the incidence of arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarctions and stroke is three-fold amongst diabetics.
Carnosine is known to be a substance that, via the H3-receptors in the autonomous nerveous system, controls the levels of blood sugar. Animal tests suggest that pregnant rats low in carnosine have an increased risk of getting diabetic offspring’s. This is explained by the fact that carnosine improves the fetal glucose tolerance. So, carnosine may be a beneficial supplement for all diabetic mothers-to-be, as it may lower their children’s risk of diabetes.
Carnosine is recommended for all diabetics as it lowers the risk of the complications, i.e., heart events, stroke, peripheral artery hardening, kidney and eye problems
Erectile dysfunctions
Production of nitric oxide (NO) in the penis is a prerequisite for starting and maintaining erection. Carnosine is the natural substrate for NO. In other words our body makes NO out of carnosine (Alaghband-Zadeh ym 2001). Therefore, supplementation with carnosine automatically improves potency.
Carnosine as neuro-protectant
Evolution has arranged so that young and healthy brain to contain considerable amounts of carnosine which protects these most precious cells against damage and degeneration. The protective mechanisms are the antioxidant function, prevention of glycation and carbonisation, as explained above. In addition, carnosine protects proteasomes which have a central role in the disposal of carbonylated proteins. Carnosine simply stops proteins deforming and could pave the way for the prevention and slowing down Alzheimer’s disease and perhaps other types of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.
In chronic brain disorders, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, epilepsy, depression and schizophrenia, oxidation stress prevails and, in addition, all the other hazardous interrelated reactions occur at a high rate. The glycation denaturised proteins and phospholipids, and produced AGE´s which in turn add fuel to the oxidation of the lipids in the cell membranes. Oxidative stress increases the activity of an enzyme called phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which in turn break down fatty acids of the cell membranes. All these reactions interfere with the neurotransmitters.
Carnosine antagonizes oxidative stress (Boldyrev et al, 1999) as well as all the following harmful reactions. Carnosine also works as a neurotransmitter, an anticonvulsant and a chelator (Chez et al. 2002). It is therefore a versatile neuroprotectant against all neurological and psychiatric syndromes and disorders.
Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain which causes progressive decline in memory and general cognitive abilities. Slowly and inexorably, the disease attacks nerve cells in all parts of the cortex of the brain, as well as some surrounding structures, thereby impairing a person's abilities to govern emotions, recognize errors and patterns, coordinate movement, and remember. At the last, an afflicted person loses all memory and mental functioning. There is no recovery and most of the drugs used are ineffective.
Apart from the progressive destruction of nerve cells, a wide range of abnormalities can be seen in the brains of patients who have died from Alzheimer's, including extra cellular deposits of amyloid protein and microscopic tangles of fibrils inside nerve cells. In experiments, treatment with carnosine was found to reduce or completely prevent cell damage caused by beta amyloid, the substance found in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. Beta amyloid can interact with certain RAGE receptors causing damage to the nerves and arteries of the brain. Carnosine blocks and inactivates beta amyloid, so it protects neural tissues against dementia.
Moreover, carnosine protects the brain cells by fighting the highly toxic alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehyde acrolein which is formed during the peroxidation of polyunsaturated lipids, raising the possibility that it functions as a 'toxicological second messenger' during oxidative cell injury (Burcham et al. 2000).
Recent research also confirms that the toxic unsaturated aldehyde crotonaldehyde (CA) contributes to carbolylation resulting in protein damage during lipid peroxidation (Fontaine et al 2002). As carnosine combats all aldehyde’s, it offers another explanation for its benefits in prevention of Alzheimer’s disease and other conditions with oxidative stress.
Metal chelation by carnosine may prevent and slow down Alzheimer’s.
Some laboratory studies have reported excessive amounts of metal ions such as zinc, copper in Alzheimer’s brain. Such ions may possibly change the chemical architecture of normal beta amyloid, making it more harmful. A mildly acidic environment appears to be important in the process that binds these metals to beta amyloid. Experts observe that such conditions (acidic environment and higher levels of zinc and copper) commonly occur as part of the inflammatory response to local injury. Carnosine has the unique ability to chelate copper, zinc and other metals, and to remove them from the body, as explained above in the section Metal Chelation. This may be an important function of carnosine in preventing and slowing down Alzheimer’s and other degenerative brain disorders.
MEDLINE data base includes several documents on the relationship between carnosine and Alzheimer’s. If you want to read them, search for "carnosine; Alzheimer", and click "go".
Parkinson’s disease
The ultimate causes, on the atomic level, are toxic free radicals and their toxic metabolites, which damage certain cells in the brain. H2O2 and TPA (tetracanoylphorbolacetate) are such radicals, and they are able to kill brain cells prematurely. Carnosine has been shown to prevent these radicals and it is thus protecting the brain cells (Kang et al. 2002 b).
Lewy particles in the brain of Parkinson patients accumulate a substance called alpha-Synuclein, which accelerates the disease. This substance is produced due to oxidative stress. Carnosine is able to combat both oxidative stress and accumulation of alpha-Synuclein (Kim et al. 2002).
Carnosine is already recommended by some researchers for (Nguimfack Mbodie 2002).
MEDLINE data base includes documents on the relationship between carnosine and Parkinson’s. If you want to read them, search for "carnosine; Parkinson", and click "go".
Epilepsy and schizophrenia
These chronic diseases belong to those conditions where oxidative stress and carbonylation damage the brain cells. Carnosine effectively fights these reactions, and is therefore apt as a dietary supplement for these patients (Petroff et al. 2000; 2001, Nguimfack Mbodie 2002). Carnosine is an anti conculsant( Chez. et al. 2002).
MEDLINE data base includes documents on the relationship between carnosine and epilepsy. If you want to read them, search for "carnosine; epilepsy", and click "go".
Stroke
Laboratory animal experiments suggest that supplementation with carnosine protects the brain cells against ischaemia (lack of oxygen) which occurs during and after stoke. In one study, experimental ischemic injury resulted in 67% mortality of the rats. In the group of animals pre-treated with carnosine the mortality was only 30% (Stvolinsky et al. 2000). In a similar British study, the mortality after ischemic attack decreased from 55% to 17% (Gallant et al. 2000). An increasing number of researchers advocate carnosine as a beneficial supplement for secondary prevention of stroke (Suslina et al. 2000, Stvolinsky and Dobrota 2000, Khaspekov et al. 2002, Tabakman et al. 2002).
Autistic Spectrum Disorders
There has been a major breakthrough by a Chicago neurologist, Dr Micheal Chez, in the treatment of autistic Spectrum Disorders (autism and Asperser’s syndrome). Since 2001 he has treated almost 1,000 autistic children with carnosine, and, according to Dr Chez, 80 to 90 per cent improve considerably within eight weeks. Carnosine acts in the frontal part of the brain where it combines with transmitters deep in the brain, says Dr Chez.
Parents with autistic children are saying that supplementation with carnosine helped their kids. Rose Stodola a mother of autistic child said in an TV interview, “Almost immediately within the first week I noticed a change.” “The gym teacher came up to me and said my gosh, he's like a different child,” added Maureen Sieger. Four-year-old Nicholas Stodola would not talk to anybody. But then he took carnosine and there was a noticeable change.
Dr. Charles Chez found that kind of change was typical for 80 percent of these and other autistic children. Some jumped eight months in their reading scores and their behaviour also changed. “Response time, and eye contact and social awareness improved, play skills improved as a general rule”, the children’s neurologist says.
What's really exciting is that carnosine works by stabilizing and protecting brain cells and helping patients like Nicholas. And this may be just the beginning. Carnosine may help patients with Alzheimer's, an illness similar to autism and it has already helped some Alzheimer patients. Carnosine's also helped some other children. Dr. Chez says, “We've had parents report improved reading skills with dyslexic tendencies...just improved test scores with kids who've had borderline attention disorder.” Soon other parents may have the same reaction Nicholas' have. “Carnosine and Dr. Chez have given us our son back,” says Mrs. Stodola. Some non-autistic adults claim carnosine makes them more alert and improves their memory.
Dr Chez´team has conducted a scientific double-blind study on 31 autistic children. The daily dose of pure L-carnosine was 400 mg and no adverse side-effects have been observed. The report has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Child Neurology.
Summary
Studies on the Rejuvenating Effects of L-Carnosine have shown:
Anti-Carbonylation: Carbonylation is a pathological step in the age-related degradation of the body’s proteins and Carnosine is the most effective anti-carbonylation agent yet discovered.
Antioxidant: Carnosine effectively quenches the most destructive of free radicals, the hydroxyl radical, as well as super oxide, singlet oxygen, and the peroxyl radical.
Cell Rejuvenation: Carnosine has the remarkable ability to actually rejuvenate cells approaching senescence (the end of the life cycle of dividing cells), restoring normal appearance and extending their cellular lifespan.
Wound Healing: Carnosine has the amazing ability to rejuvenate connective tissue cells and thus to expedite wound healing.
Brain Protection: Carnosine protects the microvas culature of the brain from plaque formation that may lead to senility and Alzheimer’s disease.
Improved Calcium Response: Carnosine enables the heart muscle to contract more efficiently through enhancement of calcium response in heart myocytes.
Cellular DNA Protection: Carnosine protects cellular DNA from oxidative damage that accumulates with age.
How much for How much?
The key here is that that different people need different amounts. For example:
• Healthy individuals 35 and under require 500-1000 mg a day
• Those approaching 40 and beyond require 1000mg a day.
• If you eat a mostly vegetarian diet, you may need more.
• If you’re diabetic, or just have trouble with blood sugar, you may need as much as 1,500 mg a day.
Most people will gain best results from 1000 mg a day.
If you’re starting to show signs of ageing or glycation, i.e. wrinkled skin, eye disorders such as cataracts then should consider dosage of at least 1,15 mg a day – maybe even as high as 1,500 mg a day.
Safety
In studies, carnosine has been proven safe in amounts as high as 70, 80, or even 100 grams a day, although a small number of people have noticed some minor muscle twitching at doses as small as 1,000 mg. The bottom line is use what you need, and you won’t have any problems – only benefits.
For best results: the recommended daily intake of Ethos Endymion is 1 gram per day. We suggest taking ½g in the mornings and ½g in the evenings, preferably at least 30 minutes before meals. Alternatively, 1 gram can be added to a bottle of mineral water and sipped regularly throughout the day
Ethos Endymion is the purest form of L-Carnosine available anywhere. It is made up of a combination of the two amino acids Beta-Alanine and L-Histidine and is known scientifically as N-beta-alanyl-histidine. When taken as a natural health supplement.
Can you afford not to take carnosine?
Who could possibly afford a 50-fold increase in free-radical formation?
